{"id":46,"date":"2023-12-18T15:41:23","date_gmt":"2023-12-18T07:41:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/hxlsakrua.top\/?p=46"},"modified":"2024-01-15T16:37:54","modified_gmt":"2024-01-15T08:37:54","slug":"%e5%89%8d%e7%ab%af%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e4%b8%aa%e4%ba%ba%e9%97%ae%e9%a2%98%e8%a7%a3%e7%ad%94%e6%b1%87%e6%80%bb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/hxlsakrua.top\/?p=46","title":{"rendered":"\u524d\u7aef\u57fa\u7840\u4e2a\u4eba\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u7b54\u6c47\u603b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">html\u7bc7<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.script\u6807\u7b7e\u4e2ddefer\u548casync\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u76f8\u540c\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709defer\u6216async\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u52a0\u8f7d\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u811a\u672c\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7b49\u5f85\u540e\u7eed\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u6587\u6863\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u5c31\u4f1a\u5f00\u59cb\u52a0\u8f7d\u548c\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u963b\u585e\u4e86\u540e\u7eed\u6587\u6863\u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\u3002defer \u548c async\u5c5e\u6027\u90fd\u662f\u53bb\u5f02\u6b65\u52a0\u8f7d\u5916\u90e8\u7684JS\u811a\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u963b\u585e\u9875\u9762\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0d\u540c\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6267\u884c\u987a\u5e8f\uff1a<\/strong> \u591a\u4e2a\u5e26async\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\uff1b\u591a\u4e2a\u5e26defer\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u52a0\u8f7d\u987a\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u811a\u672c\u662f\u5426\u5e76\u884c\u6267\u884c\uff1a<\/strong>async\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u540e\u7eed\u6587\u6863\u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\u548c\u6267\u884c\u4e0ejs\u811a\u672c\u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\u548c\u6267\u884c\u662f\u5e76\u884c\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u5f02\u6b65\u6267\u884c\uff1bdefer\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u52a0\u8f7d\u540e\u7eed\u6587\u6863\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548cjs\u811a\u672c\u7684\u52a0\u8f7d(\u6b64\u65f6\u4ec5\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e0d\u6267\u884c)\u662f\u5e76\u884c\u8fdb\u884c\u7684(\u5f02\u6b65)\uff0cjs\u811a\u672c\u9700\u8981\u7b49\u5230\u6587\u6863\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u89e3\u6790\u5b8c\u6210\u4e4b\u540e\u624d\u6267\u884c\uff0cDOMContentLoaded\u4e8b\u4ef6\u89e6\u53d1\u6267\u884c\u4e4b\u524d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7528\u9014\uff1a\u89e3\u51b3\u539f\u751f\u9875\u9762\uff0cjs\u5f15\u5165\u5931\u6548\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.\u5e38\u2f64\u7684meta\u6807\u7b7e\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><code>meta<\/code> \u6807\u7b7e\u7531 <code>name<\/code> \u548c <code>content<\/code> \u5c5e\u6027\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c<strong>\u7528\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u7f51\u9875\u6587\u6863\u7684\u5c5e\u6027<\/strong>\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7f51\u9875\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u7f51\u9875\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u7b49\uff0c\u9664\u4e86HTTP\u6807\u51c6\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b<code>name<\/code>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5927\u5bb6\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5171\u8bc6\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49name\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5e38\u7528\u7684meta\u6807\u7b7e\uff1a <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff081\uff09<code>charset<\/code>\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0HTML\u6587\u6863\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>&lt;meta charset=\"UTF-8\" &gt;<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff082\uff09 <code>keywords<\/code>\uff0c\u9875\u9762\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>&lt;meta name=\"keywords\" content=\"\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\" \/&gt;<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff083\uff09<code>description<\/code>\uff0c\u9875\u9762\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>&lt;meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u9875\u9762\u63cf\u8ff0\u5185\u5bb9\" \/&gt;<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff084\uff09<code>refresh<\/code>\uff0c\u9875\u9762\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u548c\u5237\u65b0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>&lt;meta http-equiv=\"refresh\" content=\"0;url=\" \/&gt;<\/code>\uff08\u4ee3\u88680\u79d2\u540e\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230url\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff09<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff085\uff09<code>viewport<\/code>\uff0c\u9002\u914d\u79fb\u52a8\u7aef\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u89c6\u53e3\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>&lt;meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1\"&gt;<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c<code>content<\/code> \u53c2\u6570\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>width viewport<\/code> \uff1a\u5bbd\u5ea6(\u6570\u503c\/device-width)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>height viewport<\/code> \uff1a\u9ad8\u5ea6(\u6570\u503c\/device-height)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>initial-scale<\/code> \uff1a\u521d\u59cb\u7f29\u653e\u6bd4\u4f8b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>maximum-scale<\/code> \uff1a\u6700\u5927\u7f29\u653e\u6bd4\u4f8b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>minimum-scale<\/code> \uff1a\u6700\u5c0f\u7f29\u653e\u6bd4\u4f8b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>user-scalable<\/code> \uff1a\u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u7f29\u653e(yes\/no\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff086\uff09\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u7d22\u5f15\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>&lt;meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index,follow\" \/&gt;<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c<code>content<\/code> \u53c2\u6570\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>all<\/code>\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u5c06\u88ab\u68c0\u7d22\uff0c\u4e14\u9875\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u67e5\u8be2\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>none<\/code>\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u5c06\u4e0d\u88ab\u68c0\u7d22\uff0c\u4e14\u9875\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u67e5\u8be2\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>index<\/code>\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u5c06\u88ab\u68c0\u7d22\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>follow<\/code>\uff1a\u9875\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u67e5\u8be2\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>noindex<\/code>\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u5c06\u4e0d\u88ab\u68c0\u7d22\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>nofollow<\/code>\uff1a\u9875\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u67e5\u8be2\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7528\u9014\uff1a\u914d\u7f6ehtml\u5404\u79cd\u5c55\u793a\u6548\u679c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">js\u7bc7<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1.\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u6d4b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\uff081\uff09typeof<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5176\u4e2d\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001null\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u5224\u65ad\u4e3aobject\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5224\u65ad\u90fd\u6b63\u786e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>console.<strong>log<\/strong>(<strong>typeof<\/strong> 2);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\uff082\uff09instanceof<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>instanceof<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u786e\u5224\u65ad\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c<strong>\u5176\u5185\u90e8\u8fd0\u884c\u673a\u5236\u662f\u5224\u65ad\u5728\u5176\u539f\u578b\u94fe\u4e2d\u80fd\u5426\u627e\u5230\u8be5\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u539f\u578b<\/strong>\u3002<code>instanceof<\/code><strong>\u53ea\u80fd\u6b63\u786e\u5224\u65ad\u5f15\u7528\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong>\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5224\u65ad\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>console.<strong>log<\/strong>(<strong>function<\/strong>(){} <strong>instanceof<\/strong> <strong>Function<\/strong>);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\uff083\uff09 constructor<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>constructor<\/code>\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u5224\u65ad\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b9e\u4f8b\u901a\u8fc7<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>constrcutor<\/code>&nbsp;\u5bf9\u8c61\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b83\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u6539\u53d8\u5b83\u7684\u539f\u578b\uff0c<code>constructor<\/code>\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u4e86<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>function Fn(){};\nFn.prototype = new Array();\n\nvar f = new Fn();\n\nconsole.log(f.constructor===Fn); \/\/ false\nconsole.log(f.constructor===Array); \/\/ true<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\uff084\uff09Object.prototype.toString.call()<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>Object.prototype.toString.call()<\/code>&nbsp;\u4f7f\u7528 Object \u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u539f\u578b\u65b9\u6cd5 toString \u6765\u5224\u65ad\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>var a = Object.prototype.toString;\n\nconsole.log(a.call(2));<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u7bc7<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1.\u5e38\u89c1\u7684HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u5934<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>HTTP Request Header \u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Accept:\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u80fd\u591f\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u7c7b\u578b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Accept-Charset:\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u80fd\u591f\u663e\u793a\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u96c6<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Accept-Encoding\uff1a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u80fd\u591f\u5904\u7406\u7684\u538b\u7f29\u7f16\u7801<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Accept-Language\uff1a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5f53\u524d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u8bed\u8a00<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Connection\uff1a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7c7b\u578b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cookie\uff1a\u5f53\u524d\u9875\u9762\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u4efb\u4f55Cookie<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Host\uff1a\u53d1\u51fa\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u9875\u9762\u6240\u5728\u7684\u57df<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Referer\uff1a\u53d1\u51fa\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u9875\u9762\u7684URL<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>User-Agent\uff1a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4ee3\u7406\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>HTTP Responses Header \u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u5934\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Date\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u683c\u5f0f\u7531rfc822\u5b9a\u4e49<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>server:\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u540d\u79f0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Connection\uff1a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7c7b\u578b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cache-Control\uff1a\u63a7\u5236HTTP\u7f13\u5b58<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>content-type:\u8868\u793a\u540e\u9762\u7684\u6587\u6863\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4ec0\u4e48MIME\u7c7b\u578b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5e38\u89c1\u7684 Content-Type \u5c5e\u6027\u503c\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u56db\u79cd\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff081\uff09application\/x-www-form-urlencoded\uff1a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u539f\u751f form \u8868\u5355\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u8bbe\u7f6e enctype \u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6700\u7ec8\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ee5 application\/x-www-form-urlencoded \u65b9\u5f0f\u63d0\u4ea4\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8be5\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u653e\u5728 body \u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u6309\u7167 key1=val1&amp;key2=val2 \u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u7801\uff0ckey \u548c val \u90fd\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86 URL\u8f6c\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff082\uff09multipart\/form-data\uff1a\u8be5\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684 POST \u63d0\u4ea4\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u8868\u5355\u4e0a\u4f20\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff083\uff09application\/json\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6d88\u606f\u4e3b\u4f53\u662f\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u540e\u7684 JSON \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff084\uff09text\/xml\uff1a\u8be5\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u6765\u63d0\u4ea4 XML \u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2.\u5e38\u89c1\u7684HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>GET: \u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>POST\uff1a\u5c06\u5b9e\u4f53\u63d0\u4ea4\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4fee\u6539\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>PUT\uff1a\u4e0a\u4f20\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u66f4\u65b0\u6570\u636e\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>DELETE\uff1a\u5220\u9664\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>HEAD\uff1a\u83b7\u53d6\u62a5\u6587\u9996\u90e8\uff0c\u4e0eGET\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fd4\u56de\u62a5\u6587\u4e3b\u4f53\u90e8\u5206\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>OPTIONS\uff1a\u8be2\u95ee\u652f\u6301\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u8de8\u57df\u8bf7\u6c42\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CONNECT\uff1a\u8981\u6c42\u5728\u4e0e\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u901a\u4fe1\u65f6\u5efa\u7acb\u96a7\u9053\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u96a7\u9053\u8fdb\u884cTCP\u901a\u4fe1\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>TRACE: \u56de\u663e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6536\u5230\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u2f64\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6216\u8bca\u65ad<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3.\u5f53\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165 Google.com \u5e76\u4e14\u6309\u4e0b\u56de\u8f66\u4e4b\u540e\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff081\uff09<strong>\u89e3\u6790URL\uff1a<\/strong> \u9996\u5148\u4f1a\u5bf9 URL \u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u6240\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\u548c\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8f93\u5165\u7684 URL \u4e2d\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u6216\u8005\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u4e0d\u5408\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u628a\u5730\u5740\u680f\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4f1a\u68c0\u67e5 URL \u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u975e\u6cd5\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u975e\u6cd5\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u5219\u5bf9\u975e\u6cd5\u5b57\u7b26\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u4e49\u540e\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff082\uff09<strong>\u7f13\u5b58\u5224\u65ad\uff1a<\/strong> \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4f1a\u5224\u65ad\u6240\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u662f\u5426\u5728\u7f13\u5b58\u91cc\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u5728\u7f13\u5b58\u91cc\u5e76\u4e14\u6ca1\u6709\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u8d77\u65b0\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff083\uff09<strong>DNS\u89e3\u6790\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u662f\u8f93\u5165\u7684 URL \u4e2d\u7684\u57df\u540d\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u4f1a\u5224\u65ad\u672c\u5730\u662f\u5426\u6709\u8be5\u57df\u540d\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u5219\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5219\u5411\u672c\u5730 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u8d77\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u672c\u5730 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5148\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5c31\u4f1a\u5148\u5411\u6839\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u8d77\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u8d1f\u8d23\u7684\u9876\u7ea7\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5730\u5740\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u5411\u9876\u7ea7\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u83b7\u5f97\u8d1f\u8d23\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5730\u5740\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u5411\u6743\u5a01\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u8d77\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u83b7\u5f97\u57df\u540d\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u540e\uff0c\u672c\u5730 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u518d\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a IP \u5730\u5740\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u7528\u6237\u3002\u7528\u6237\u5411\u672c\u5730 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u8d77\u8bf7\u6c42\u5c5e\u4e8e\u9012\u5f52\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u672c\u5730 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5411\u5404\u7ea7\u57df\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u8d77\u8bf7\u6c42\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8fed\u4ee3\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff084\uff09<strong>\u83b7\u53d6MAC\u5730\u5740\uff1a<\/strong> \u5f53\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5f97\u5230 IP \u5730\u5740\u540e\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u76ee\u7684\u4e3b\u673a MAC \u5730\u5740\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u4e0b\u53d1\u6570\u636e\u7ed9\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\uff0cTCP \u534f\u8bae\u4f1a\u6307\u5b9a\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u548c\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4e0b\u53d1\u7ed9\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u3002\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u4f1a\u5c06\u672c\u673a\u5730\u5740\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6e90\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u4f5c\u4e3a\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u4e0b\u53d1\u7ed9\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\u7684\u53d1\u9001\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u5165\u901a\u4fe1\u53cc\u65b9\u7684 MAC \u5730\u5740\uff0c\u672c\u673a\u7684 MAC \u5730\u5740\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6e90 MAC \u5730\u5740\uff0c\u76ee\u7684 MAC \u5730\u5740\u9700\u8981\u5206\u60c5\u51b5\u5904\u7406\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06 IP \u5730\u5740\u4e0e\u672c\u673a\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u76f8\u4e0e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e0e\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e3b\u673a\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u91cc\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u91cc\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 APR \u534f\u8bae\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u76ee\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u7684 MAC \u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u91cc\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e94\u8be5\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9\u7f51\u5173\uff0c\u7531\u5b83\u4ee3\u4e3a\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 ARP \u534f\u8bae\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u5173\u7684 MAC \u5730\u5740\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u76ee\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u7684 MAC \u5730\u5740\u5e94\u8be5\u4e3a\u7f51\u5173\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff085\uff09<strong>TCP\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e0b\u9762\u662f TCP \u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a SYN \u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u5e8f\u53f7\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u8bf7\u6c42\u540e\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a SYN ACK\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e5f\u5411\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u5e8f\u53f7\u3002\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u63a5\u6536\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u786e\u8ba4\u5e94\u7b54\u540e\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u8fde\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e5f\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2aACK \u786e\u8ba4\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u786e\u8ba4\u540e\uff0c\u4e5f\u8fdb\u5165\u8fde\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u53cc\u65b9\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5c31\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u6765\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff086\uff09<strong>HTTPS\u63e1\u624b\uff1a<\/strong> \u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f HTTPS \u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5728\u901a\u4fe1\u524d\u8fd8\u5b58\u5728 TLS \u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u56db\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u9996\u5148\u7531\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u6570\u548c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u6536\u5230\u540e\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u5411\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u6570\u548c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u8bc1\u4e66\u3002\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6536\u5230\u540e\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u68c0\u67e5\u6570\u5b57\u8bc1\u4e66\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u5219\u518d\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u8bc1\u4e66\u4e2d\u7684\u516c\u94a5\u5bf9\u968f\u673a\u6570\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd8\u4f1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u524d\u9762\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u7684 hash \u503c\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u68c0\u9a8c\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u63a5\u6536\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u79c1\u94a5\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u89e3\u5bc6\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5411\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u524d\u9762\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u7684 hash \u503c\u4f9b\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u68c0\u9a8c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u53cc\u65b9\u90fd\u6709\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u6570\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u4e4b\u524d\u6240\u7ea6\u5b9a\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u968f\u673a\u6570\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u628a\u79d8\u94a5\uff0c\u4ee5\u540e\u53cc\u65b9\u901a\u4fe1\u524d\uff0c\u5c31\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u79d8\u94a5\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\u540e\u518d\u4f20\u8f93\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff087\uff09<strong>\u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/strong> \u5f53\u9875\u9762\u8bf7\u6c42\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u540e\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a html \u6587\u4ef6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u54cd\u5e94\u540e\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u5bf9 html \u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u9875\u9762\u7684\u6e32\u67d3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff088\uff09<strong>\u9875\u9762\u6e32\u67d3\uff1a<\/strong> \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9996\u5148\u4f1a\u6839\u636e html \u6587\u4ef6\u6784\u5efa DOM \u6811\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u89e3\u6790\u5230\u7684 css \u6587\u4ef6\u6784\u5efa CSSOM \u6811\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9047\u5230 script \u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u5219\u5224\u7aef\u662f\u5426\u542b\u6709 defer \u6216\u8005 async \u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u8981\u4e0d\u7136 script \u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\u548c\u6267\u884c\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u9875\u9762\u7684\u6e32\u67d3\u7684\u963b\u585e\u3002\u5f53 DOM \u6811\u548c CSSOM \u6811\u5efa\u7acb\u597d\u540e\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5b83\u4eec\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u6e32\u67d3\u6811\u3002\u6e32\u67d3\u6811\u6784\u5efa\u597d\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u6e32\u67d3\u6811\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u5e03\u5c40\u3002\u5e03\u5c40\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684 UI \u63a5\u53e3\u5bf9\u9875\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u7ed8\u5236\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u6574\u4e2a\u9875\u9762\u5c31\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\uff089\uff09<strong>TCP\u56db\u6b21\u6325\u624b\uff1a<\/strong> \u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b65\u662f TCP \u65ad\u5f00\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u56db\u6b21\u6325\u624b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u82e5\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u53d1\u9001\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u5219\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u8fde\u63a5\u91ca\u653e\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u6536\u5230\u8fde\u63a5\u91ca\u653e\u8bf7\u6c42\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u544a\u8bc9\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u8981\u91ca\u653e TCP \u94fe\u63a5\u3002\u7136\u540e\u4f1a\u53d1\u9001 ACK \u5305\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u5165 CLOSE_WAIT \u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u8868\u660e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5df2\u7ecf\u91ca\u653e\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u63a5\u6536\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a TCP \u8fde\u63a5\u662f\u53cc\u5411\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4ecd\u65e7\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5982\u679c\u6b64\u65f6\u8fd8\u6709\u6ca1\u53d1\u5b8c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u53d1\u9001\uff0c\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e\u4f1a\u5411\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u8fde\u63a5\u91ca\u653e\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4fbf\u8fdb\u5165 LAST-ACK \u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6536\u5230\u91ca\u653e\u8bf7\u6c42\u540e\uff0c\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u786e\u8ba4\u5e94\u7b54\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fdb\u5165 TIME-WAIT \u72b6\u6001\u3002\u8be5\u72b6\u6001\u4f1a\u6301\u7eed 2MSL\uff08\u6700\u5927\u6bb5\u751f\u5b58\u671f\uff0c\u6307\u62a5\u6587\u6bb5\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u751f\u5b58\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u8d85\u65f6\u4f1a\u88ab\u629b\u5f03\uff09 \u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u82e5\u8be5\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u5185\u6ca1\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684\u91cd\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5c31\u8fdb\u5165 CLOSED \u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5f53\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u6536\u5230\u786e\u8ba4\u5e94\u7b54\u540e\uff0c\u4e5f\u4fbf\u8fdb\u5165 CLOSED \u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4.HTTP\u72b6\u6001\u7801<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\uff081\uff092XX \u6210\u529f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>200 OK\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u4ece\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u6765\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u88ab\u6b63\u786e\u5904\u7406<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>204 No content\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8bf7\u6c42\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4f46\u54cd\u5e94\u62a5\u6587\u4e0d\u542b\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u90e8\u5206<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>205 Reset Content\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8bf7\u6c42\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4f46\u54cd\u5e94\u62a5\u6587\u4e0d\u542b\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0e 204 \u54cd\u5e94\u4e0d\u540c\u5728\u4e8e\u8981\u6c42\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u91cd\u7f6e\u5185\u5bb9<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>206 Partial Content\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u8303\u56f4\u8bf7\u6c42<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\uff082\uff093XX \u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>301 moved permanently\uff0c\u6c38\u4e45\u6027\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8d44\u6e90\u5df2\u88ab\u5206\u914d\u4e86\u65b0\u7684 URL<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>302 found\uff0c\u4e34\u65f6\u6027\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8d44\u6e90\u4e34\u65f6\u88ab\u5206\u914d\u4e86\u65b0\u7684 URL<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>303 see other\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8d44\u6e90\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a URL\uff0c\u5e94\u4f7f\u7528 GET \u65b9\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u8d44\u6e90<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>304 not modified\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5141\u8bb8\u8bbf\u95ee\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4f46\u56e0\u53d1\u751f\u8bf7\u6c42\u672a\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u60c5\u51b5<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>307 temporary redirect\uff0c\u4e34\u65f6\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\uff0c\u548c302\u542b\u4e49\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u671f\u671b\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4fdd\u6301\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u53d8\u5411\u65b0\u7684\u5730\u5740\u53d1\u51fa\u8bf7\u6c42<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\uff083\uff094XX \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u9519\u8bef<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>400 bad request\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u62a5\u6587\u5b58\u5728\u8bed\u6cd5\u9519\u8bef<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>401 unauthorized\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u9700\u8981\u6709\u901a\u8fc7 HTTP \u8ba4\u8bc1\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4fe1\u606f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>403 forbidden\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5bf9\u8bf7\u6c42\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u88ab\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u62d2\u7edd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>404 not found\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8d44\u6e90<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\uff084\uff095XX \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9519\u8bef<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>500 internal sever error\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u5728\u6267\u884c\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u9519\u8bef<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>501 Not Implemented\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u5f53\u524d\u8bf7\u6c42\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>503 service unavailable\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6682\u65f6\u5904\u4e8e\u8d85\u8d1f\u8f7d\u6216\u6b63\u5728\u505c\u673a\u7ef4\u62a4\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>5.OSI\u4e03\u5c42\u6a21\u578b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1226\" height=\"661\" src=\"http:\/\/hxlsakrua.top\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1705306205-screenshot20240115.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-62\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>6. TCP\u548cUDP\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th><\/th><th>UDP<\/th><th>TCP<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u662f\u5426\u8fde\u63a5<\/td><td>\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5<\/td><td>\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u9760<\/td><td>\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u6d41\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u62e5\u585e\u63a7\u5236<\/td><td>\u53ef\u9760\u4f20\u8f93\uff08\u6570\u636e\u987a\u5e8f\u548c\u6b63\u786e\u6027\uff09\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6d41\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u548c\u62e5\u585e\u63a7\u5236<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u8fde\u63a5\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2a\u6570<\/td><td>\u652f\u6301\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\uff0c\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\uff0c\u591a\u5bf9\u4e00\u548c\u591a\u5bf9\u591a\u4ea4\u4e92\u901a\u4fe1<\/td><td>\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\u901a\u4fe1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u4f20\u8f93\u65b9\u5f0f<\/td><td>\u9762\u5411\u62a5\u6587<\/td><td>\u9762\u5411\u5b57\u8282\u6d41<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u9996\u90e8\u5f00\u9500<\/td><td>\u9996\u90e8\u5f00\u9500\u5c0f\uff0c\u4ec58\u5b57\u8282<\/td><td>\u9996\u90e8\u6700\u5c0f20\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u6700\u592760\u5b57\u8282<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/td><td>\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u65f6\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u89c6\u9891\u4f1a\u8bae\u3001\u76f4\u64ad<\/td><td>\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8981\u6c42\u53ef\u9760\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>7.WebSocket<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>WebSocket\u662fHTML5\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fdb\u884c<strong>\u5168\u53cc\u5de5\u901a\u8baf<\/strong>\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u5b83\u57fa\u4e8eTCP\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5e76\u590d\u7528HTTP\u7684\u63e1\u624b\u901a\u9053\u3002\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\uff0c\u4e24\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c \u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u53cc\u5411\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u3002WebSocket \u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u5c31\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u534a\u53cc\u5de5\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u5f0a\u7aef\u3002\u5b83\u6700\u5927\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f\uff1a<strong>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u52a8\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3b\u52a8\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63a8\u9001\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>WebSocket\u539f\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5411 WebSocket \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u901a\u77e5\uff08notify\uff09\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e26\u6709\u6240\u6709\u63a5\u6536\u8005ID\uff08recipients IDs\uff09\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff08event\uff09\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63a5\u6536\u540e\u7acb\u5373\u901a\u77e5\u6240\u6709\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7684\uff08active\uff09\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u53ea\u6709ID\u5728\u63a5\u6536\u8005ID\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u624d\u4f1a\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> \u200b<strong>WebSocket \u7279\u70b9\u7684\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u652f\u6301\u53cc\u5411\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u5b9e\u65f6\u6027\u66f4\u5f3a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u9001\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u9001\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u636e\u2018\u2019<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5efa\u7acb\u5728TCP\u534f\u8bae\u4e4b\u4e0a\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u6bd4\u8f83\u5bb9\u6613<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\u6bd4\u8f83\u8f7b\u91cf\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u5f00\u9500\u5c0f\uff0c\u901a\u4fe1\u9ad8\u6548<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6ca1\u6709\u540c\u6e90\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u4efb\u610f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u901a\u4fe1<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u534f\u8bae\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u662fws\uff08\u5982\u679c\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u5219\u4e3awss\uff09\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7f51\u5740\u5c31\u662f URL<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u4e0e HTTP \u534f\u8bae\u6709\u7740\u826f\u597d\u7684\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3\u4e5f\u662f80\u548c443\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u63e1\u624b\u9636\u6bb5\u91c7\u7528 HTTP \u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u63e1\u624b\u65f6\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u5c4f\u853d\uff0c\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u5404\u79cd HTTP \u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Websocket\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/strong>\u200b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/\/ \u5728index.html\u4e2d\u76f4\u63a5\u5199WebSocket\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u4e3a 9999\r\nlet ws = new WebSocket('ws:\/\/localhost:9999');\r\n\/\/ \u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u540e\u89e6\u53d1\r\nws.onopen = function() {\r\n    console.log(\"Connection open.\"); \r\n    ws.send('hello');\r\n};\r\n\/\/ \u5728\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u6765\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u89e6\u53d1\r\nws.onmessage = function(res) {\r\n    console.log(res);       \/\/ \u6253\u5370\u7684\u662fMessageEvent\u5bf9\u8c61\r\n    console.log(res.data);  \/\/ \u6253\u5370\u7684\u662f\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6d88\u606f\r\n};\r\n\/\/ \u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5efa\u7acb\u5173\u95ed\u540e\u89e6\u53d1\r\nws.onclose = function(evt) {\r\n  console.log(\"Connection closed.\");\r\n}; \r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>html\u7bc7 1.script\u6807\u7b7e\u4e2ddefer\u548casync\u7684\u533a\u522b \u76f8\u540c\u70b9\uff1a \u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709defer\u6216async\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u52a0\u8f7d\u5e76\u6267 &#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-46","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-4"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/hxlsakrua.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/hxlsakrua.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/hxlsakrua.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/hxlsakrua.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/hxlsakrua.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=46"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"http:\/\/hxlsakrua.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":65,"href":"http:\/\/hxlsakrua.top\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46\/revisions\/65"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/hxlsakrua.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=46"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/hxlsakrua.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=46"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/hxlsakrua.top\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=46"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}